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Pop Quiz! The world's
400 billionaires together possess as much money as the poorest _____% of the world's
population?
a. 15 percent
b. 30 percent
c. 50 percent
d. 10 percent
Answer at the bottom
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There is, however, one
contradiction between the religion of The Market and the traditional religions that seems
to be insurmountable. All of the traditional religions teach that human beings are finite
creatures and that there are limits to any earthly enterprise. A Japanese Zen master once
said to his disciples as he was dying, "I have learned only one thing in life: how
much is enough." He would find no niche in the chapel of The Market, for whom the
First Commandment is "There is never enough." Like the proverbial shark that
stops moving, The Market that stops expanding dies. That could happen. If it does, then
Nietzsche will have been right after all. He will just have had the wrong God in mind. Harvey Cox
From the Atlantic Monthly article
"The
Market as God"
We live in a market economy. In fact it often
feels like we live in the economy more than we live in a
community. So when we ask, "Is there enough for everyone today? Will there be enough tomorrow?" The answer
about having enough speaks volumes.
We, in society and in ourselves, are
caught between two visions of the nature of "what is enough?" On the
one hand is a view that self
interest is the primary motivating life force. The other is a vision of
the primacy of community,
of a neighbour's interest, as being as important as one's own.
The argument is about one's fundamental world view, and at its
root lies religious perception of the nature of life either viewed with abundance or with scarcity.
When our neighbour's interests are as important as our own we
tend to trust there is enough for both. If there is not, we work together to
create enough. This has been part and parcel of the Canadian idea of community
for many years. We are are in this together. We live in
community.
American style individualism sees my neighbour's interests
in competition for what little
resources there may be. We live in a market. I assume my neighbour is only acting in his interest as I am
acting in mine. When my neighbour competes and fails and then seeks from me what he does
not have, I assume weakness or laziness. I see a failure in a Darwinian
effort to climb out of poverty.
Of course it is not just a question of what people say they believe, it
is a matter of what people do. Those who primarily see scarcity can be at times and with
certain people wonderfully generous. Those who primarily see abundance can hold back
themselves and possessions out of all character and at the most unsuspected times.
However, the vision is important, because it pushes one's self and society in a definite
direction. There are no private visions.
One of our basic needs is to have adequate and affordable
shelter. The shelter must to be suitable so that it serves other basic needs of
health, family growth, his need for beauty, and privacy. It needs to be affordable so the
requirements of the other areas of life can be met. We also need food, clothing,
recreation, and the opportunity to work. Unsuitable or unaffordable shelter limits
possibilities for my neighbour. And as has been argued elsewhere, limitations upon my
neighbour limit me.
My neighbour has needs and he also has, as I do, responsibilities.
For example, we should care for our shelter, to make sure it is kind
to the environment, and to make sure it is paid for by as much labour as we can positively
contribute to the economy. Our right to adequate and affordable
shelter exists hand in hand with the responsibilities we have as members of
society, caretakers of the environment, contributors to the economy, and persons who
should have opportunity for personal and family well-being.
Justice - that is fairness and equity in the community
- is the necessary condition of each having enough resources to
express their lives as fully as possible. It is the responsibility all have toward
each other to ensure this condition.
Justice is seen as an expensive option, it is the first to go when
times get tough. When we fail to seek justice, we all suffer the consequences of poverty,
addiction, crime, and loneliness. Just shelter creates possibilities and
responsibilities. Both need to be present, for one can not live long or well without the
other.
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